📏 Tire Size Guide
Understanding tire sizes is critical for selecting the right tire. Here's how to read tire size markings:
OTR Tire Size Format: 23.5R25
- 23.5 = Tire section width in inches
- R = Radial construction (B = Bias, D = Diagonal)
- 25 = Rim diameter in inches
PCR/TBR Tire Size Format: 205/55R16
- 205 = Section width in millimeters
- 55 = Aspect ratio (sidewall height is 55% of width)
- R = Radial construction
- 16 = Rim diameter in inches
Common OTR Sizes
| Size | Application | Typical Use |
|---|
| 12.00R20 | Loader/Grader | Light construction |
| 17.5R25 | Loader | Medium duty |
| 20.5R25 | Loader/Dump Truck | Heavy construction |
| 23.5R25 | Wheel Loader | Most common size |
| 26.5R25 | Large Loader | Mining/quarry |
| 29.5R25 | Heavy Loader | Mining |
| 18.00R33 | Mining Truck | Large mining |
| 35/65R33 | Mining Truck | Ultra-class |
Common TBR Sizes
| Size | Position | Application |
|---|
| 12R22.5 | All-position | Truck/Bus |
| 295/80R22.5 | Drive/Steer | Long-haul truck |
| 315/80R22.5 | Drive | Heavy transport |
| 11R24.5 | All-position | Bus/Truck |
Tip: Always match the exact tire size recommended by the equipment manufacturer. Using incorrect sizes can void warranties and cause safety issues.
🚜 OTR Tire Guide
Off-The-Road (OTR) tires are designed for heavy equipment used in mining, construction, quarrying, and industrial applications.
OTR Tire Categories
- Loader Tires: For wheel loaders, backhoes, and compact equipment
- Dozer Tires: For bulldozers and track-type equipment
- Dump Truck Tires: For rigid and articulated haul trucks
- Grader Tires: For motor graders
- Crane Tires: For mobile cranes and heavy lift equipment
OTR Tire Construction Types
- Radial (R): Better heat dissipation, longer tread life, better fuel efficiency. Preferred for most applications.
- Bias (B): Stronger sidewall, better for cut-prone environments. Lower speed capability.
- Solid: For extreme conditions where punctures are common. Zero flat risk.
Key Selection Factors
- Equipment type and weight
- Ground conditions (rock, dirt, sand, mud)
- Average speed and cycle times
- Ambient temperature
- Load per tire (tonnage)
- Distance per hour (km/h)
Tip: For mining applications, always check the TKPH (Tonne Kilometer Per Hour) rating to ensure the tire can handle your specific load and speed combination.
🚛 TBR Tire Guide
Truck and Bus Radial (TBR) tires are designed for commercial vehicles including long-haul trucks, city buses, and delivery vehicles.
TBR Tire Positions
- Steer/All-Position: Designed for front axle. Features ribbed tread for steering precision and water evacuation.
- Drive: For rear axle. Deeper tread with aggressive patterns for traction under power.
- Trailer: For trailer axles. Ribbed design for rolling resistance reduction and even wear.
- All-Position: Can be used on any axle. Versatile and cost-effective for mixed fleets.
Key TBR Specifications
| Spec | What It Means |
|---|
| Load Index | Maximum weight per tire (e.g., 152/148 = dual/single) |
| Speed Rating | Maximum speed (L=120km/h, M=130km/h, K=110km/h) |
| Ply Rating | Load capacity indicator (14PR, 16PR, 18PR) |
| Rolling Circumference | Must match across axles to prevent drivetrain damage |
Fleet Selection Tips
- Long-haul: Choose low rolling resistance for fuel savings
- Regional: Balance between traction and mileage
- Urban/Bus: Focus on durability and curb resistance
- Mixed service: All-position tires for flexibility
🚗 PCR Tire Guide
Passenger Car Radial (PCR) tires cover sedans, SUVs, crossovers, pickups, and performance vehicles.
PCR Tire Types
- Touring/All-Season: Balanced performance, long tread life, comfortable ride. Most popular category.
- Highway/Terrain (HT): For SUVs and pickups. On-road comfort with light off-road capability.
- All-Terrain (AT): 50/50 on-road and off-road. Aggressive tread pattern.
- Mud-Terrain (MT): Extreme off-road. Loud on highway, maximum mud/snow traction.
- Performance/UHP: High-speed rated. Superior handling and braking. Shorter tread life.
- Winter/Snow: Soft compound for cold temperatures. 3PMSF certified.
Understanding PCR Markings
- P225/65R17: P-Metric, 225mm width, 65% aspect ratio, radial, 17" rim
- LT265/70R17: Light Truck metric, for heavier vehicles
- 245/45ZR18: Z-speed rated (300km/h+), ultra-high performance
Tip: When replacing PCR tires, always replace in pairs (same axle) or all four. Mismatched tires cause handling issues.
🔲 Tire Pattern Guide
OTR tire tread patterns are classified by type and application. The right pattern maximizes tire life and productivity.
OTR Tread Pattern Types
| Pattern | Type | Best For | Tread Depth |
|---|
| L-3 | Traction | General purpose loading, good road travel | Standard |
| L-4 | Traction | Rocky conditions, extra cut resistance | 150% of L-3 |
| L-5 | Traction | Severe conditions, deep tread for maximum life | 200% of L-3 |
| E-3 | Traction | Earthmoving, haul trucks, normal conditions | Standard |
| E-4 | Traction | Earthmoving, rocky conditions | 150% of E-3 |
| G-3 | Rib | Graders, smooth surfaces | Standard |
How to Choose
- Soft ground, long distance: L-3 or E-3 (standard depth, better heat dissipation)
- Rocky, abrasive: L-4 or E-4 (deeper tread, more rubber to wear)
- Extreme wear, short cycles: L-5 (maximum tread depth)
- Underground mining: Special compounds with fire-resistant properties
Tip: Deeper tread (L-5) generates more heat. In high-speed or long-distance applications, a shallower pattern (L-3) may actually last longer due to heat management.
⚖️ Tire Load Ratings
Understanding load ratings ensures you select tires that safely carry your equipment's weight.
Load Index (LI)
A numerical code indicating the maximum load a tire can carry at its rated speed.
| Load Index | Max Load (kg) | Common Application |
|---|
| 148 | 3,150 kg | Light truck |
| 152 | 3,550 kg | Medium truck |
| 154 | 3,750 kg | Heavy truck |
| 160 | 4,500 kg | Bus/Heavy truck |
Speed Symbols
| Symbol | Max Speed | Typical Use |
|---|
| A8 | 40 km/h | OTR/Construction |
| B | 50 km/h | OTR/Site use |
| G | 90 km/h | OTR/Road travel |
| J | 100 km/h | OTR/Highway |
| K | 110 km/h | TBR |
| L | 120 km/h | TBR Long-haul |
| M | 130 km/h | TBR/PCR |
| H | 210 km/h | PCR |
| V | 240 km/h | PCR Performance |
TKPH Rating (OTR)
Tonne-Kilometer Per Hour measures an OTR tire's ability to carry load over distance. Formula: TKPH = Average tire load (tonnes) x Average speed (km/h)
If your calculated TKPH exceeds the tire's rating, the tire will overheat and fail prematurely.
⛏️ Mining Tire Guide
Mining is the most demanding application for tires. Proper selection directly impacts cost per ton and productivity.
Mining Tire Selection Factors
- Haul road conditions: Rock size, sharpness, grade, rolling resistance
- Cycle time: Short cycles = higher impact; long cycles = heat buildup
- Gross Machine Weight (GMW): Loaded weight distributed across tires
- Climate: Ambient temperature affects tire pressure and heat
- Spot maintenance: Road quality directly affects tire life
Common Mining Tire Sizes
| Size | Equipment | Mine Type |
|---|
| 23.5R25 | 5-7 ton loaders | Quarry/Small mining |
| 26.5R25 | 8-12 ton loaders | Medium mining |
| 29.5R25 | 12+ ton loaders | Large mining |
| 18.00R33 | 60-100 ton trucks | Large surface mining |
| 24.00R35 | 100-200 ton trucks | Mega mining |
| 33.00R51 | 200+ ton trucks | Ultra-class |
| 59/80R63 | 400 ton trucks | Largest mining trucks |
Tip: Track TKPH utilization daily. Even a 10% overload can reduce tire life by 30-50%.
📦 Container Loading Guide
Proper container loading maximizes shipment efficiency and prevents tire damage during transit.
Standard Container Sizes
| Container | Internal Length | Max Payload |
|---|
| 20ft Standard | 5.9m | 28 tons |
| 40ft Standard | 12.0m | 26 tons |
| 40ft High Cube | 12.0m | 26 tons (taller) |
Tire Loading Patterns
- OTR tires (large): Usually loaded vertically, nested. 23.5R25 typically 4-6 per 20ft container.
- TBR tires: Tightly packed in rows. 12R22.5 typically 50-60 per 40ft container.
- PCR tires: Can be interleaved. 205/55R16 typically 200-300 per 40ft container.
Loading Tips
- Never exceed container max payload
- Use proper dunnage and strapping to prevent movement
- Keep tires away from sharp edges
- Do not stack more than recommended height
- Photograph loading for insurance documentation
🚢 Export & Shipping Guide
Understanding the export process helps you plan orders and manage expectations.
Export Process Steps
- Inquiry & Quotation: Send specifications, receive pricing within 24-48 hours
- Order Confirmation: Proforma invoice, payment terms agreed
- Production/Procurement: 7-30 days depending on stock and quantity
- Quality Inspection: Pre-shipment inspection with photos/report
- Container Loading: Supervised loading with documentation
- Shipping: Sea freight 7-45 days depending on destination
- Customs Clearance: Buyer handles import clearance at destination
- Delivery: Port to warehouse or door delivery
Common Shipping Terms (Incoterms)
| Term | Meaning | Seller Responsibility |
|---|
| FOB | Free On Board | To port of loading |
| CIF | Cost, Insurance, Freight | To destination port + insurance |
| CFR | Cost & Freight | To destination port (no insurance) |
| DDP | Delivered Duty Paid | To buyer's door, all costs |
Major Shipping Routes from Thailand
- To Southeast Asia: 5-10 days
- To China/Japan/Korea: 7-14 days
- To Middle East: 14-21 days
- To East Africa: 21-30 days
- To Europe: 25-35 days
- To Americas: 30-45 days
🔧 Tire Maintenance Guide
Proper maintenance extends tire life by 30-50% and prevents catastrophic failures.
Daily Checks
- Tire Pressure: Check cold (before operation). Incorrect pressure is the #1 cause of premature wear.
- Visual Inspection: Look for cuts, bulges, embedded objects, irregular wear
- Valve Stems: Check for damage and leaks
- Wheel Nuts: Verify proper torque
Pressure Guidelines
| Condition | Effect |
|---|
| Under-inflated | Excessive flexing, heat buildup, sidewall damage, irregular wear |
| Over-inflated | Reduced contact patch, center wear, cut/impact damage |
| Correct pressure | Optimal footprint, even wear, maximum life |
Common Wear Patterns & Causes
- Shoulder wear (both sides): Under-inflation
- Center wear: Over-inflation
- One-side wear: Misalignment
- Cupping/scalloping: Suspension issues or imbalance
- Feathering: Toe-in/toe-out misalignment
Tip: Rotate tires every 5,000-10,000 km (TBR/PCR) to ensure even wear. OTR tires should be rotated based on hours of service.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
What is your minimum order quantity?
For bulk orders, we typically require one container (20ft or 40ft). However, we can accommodate smaller orders for premium customers or specific tire sizes.
What payment terms do you accept?
We accept T/T (bank transfer), L/C (letter of credit), and Western Union. Standard terms: 30% deposit, 70% before shipment or against BL copy.
How long does delivery take?
Production: 7-30 days. Shipping: 7-45 days depending on destination. Total lead time: 15-60 days from order confirmation.
Do you provide certificates for import?
Yes. We provide Certificate of Origin, Commercial Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading, and any required inspection certificates (SGS, BV, etc.).
What warranty do you offer?
Warranty varies by tire type. Generally: OTR tires carry a warranty against manufacturing defects. TBR tires include mileage warranties. PCR tires follow standard manufacturer warranty terms.
Can you source specific brands?
Yes. We source from multiple Thai and international factories. If you need a specific brand, size, or pattern, contact us and we'll check availability.
Do you handle customs clearance?
Under FOB and CIF terms, the buyer handles import clearance. Under DDP terms, we handle everything to your door. Contact us to discuss your preferred arrangement.
How do I claim warranty?
Submit photos of the tire showing the defect, size markings, and date code. Our technical team will assess and respond within 48 hours.
Need Personalized Advice? Contact our tire experts for a free consultation and quote. We respond within 4 hours.
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